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Citations 101

The Chicago Manual of Style is currently in its 17th edition and is mainly used in history and art.

We recommend that you create all your citations in NoodleTools because that will ensure your citations are in proper Chicago format.

In lieu of NoodleTools, we suggest you visit the Purdue Online Writing Lab's Chicago Style overview, which includes specific examples of in-text citations, references, sample papers, and more.

general guidelines

Chicago General Guidelines

  • Paper Setup: one inch margins, double spaced, size 12 Times New Roman font
  • Paper Sections: Title Page, Main Body with Footnotes or Endnotes, Appendix (if applicable), Bibliography
  • Italicize the titles of books, movies, television series, documentaries, or albums.
    • Ex.: In 2018, Kendrick Lamar won the Pulitzer Prize for his album DAMN.
  • The titles of journal articles, television episodes, and song titles go in quotation marks
    • Ex.: Taylor Swift released "All Too Well (10 Minute Version)" as a bonus track on Red (Taylor's Version).

Chicago Footnotes & Endnotes - Basic Guidelines

    Both direct quotes and paraphrases need a citation in the form of a footnote/endnote.
  • This footnote/endnote is a superscript number that goes at the end of the sentence, after the punctuation.
    • Ex.: During the 19th Century, a popular medicine for children known as ‘Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrup’, which promised to “allay all pains” was heavily laced with morphine.1
  • The first time you cite a source, use the long-form citation: First name Last name, Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication), page number.
    • Ex.: 1. Esther Baytaglia, A History of Strange Medicines (New York: Harper, 2014), 82.
  • Any subsequent citations of that same source can use the short form: Last name, Shortened Title, page number.
    • Ex.: 2. Baytaglia, A History, 83.
  • Footnotes/endnotes will cover everything that goes before them until they run into (1) another footnote, (2) the beginning of a paragraph, or (3) a piece of your own analysis or writing.
  • Block quote only when the quote is longer than 100 words or five or more lines long. Block quotes are single spaced and have no quotation marks. The footnote/endnote superscript should go at the end of the final sentence of the quote.

Chicago Bibliography - Basic Guidelines

  • Single spaced with an additional line between entries, alphabetical by author's last name
  • Books: Last name, First name. Title of Book. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication.
  • Journal Articles: Last Name, First Name. "Title of Journal Article." Name of the Journal Volume, no. Issue (Date): page number(s).
  • Websites: Lastname, Firstname. “Title of Web Page.” Name of Website. Publishing organization, publication or revision date if available. Access date if no other date is available. URL .

class handouts

Chicago Citation Format for Class Handouts

  • Footnotes/Endnotes: Teacher first name last name, "Name of the handout," last modified Class term and year, Class Handout, Class Name.
    • Ex.: Lauren Tartaglia, "Vietnam War: Who's Who," last modified Spring 2024, Class Handout, Class 10 History.
  • Bibliography: Teacher last name, First name. "Name of the handout." Last modified Class term and year. Class Handout, Class Term and Year.
    • Ex.: Tartaglia, Lauren. "Vietnam War: Who's Who." Last modified Spring 2024. Class Handout, Class 10 History.

 

NoodleTools Steps for Class Handouts:

  • Select "File, app, or eBook" and then "Standalone File"
  • In the "Type of file/software/app" box, put "Class Handout, Name of the class"
  • List the teacher as "Author" and the title of the handout as the "Title of the document"
  • In the Date written/created box, put in the class term and year.

course packs

Chicago Citation Format for Course Packs

  • Footnotes/Endnotes: Original Author first name last name, "Name of Excerpt," Original Publication Year, in Name of Course Pack by Teacher first name last name (Name of the class: The Chapin School, Class Term and Year), page number.
    • Ex.: 1. Kyoichi Sawada, "Vietnam, 1967," 1967, in Class 10 History Course Pack by Lauren Tartaglia (Class 10 History: The Chapin School, Spring 2021), 8.
  • Bibliography: Original Author last name, first name. "Name of Excerpt." Original Publication Year. In Name of Course Pack, by Teacher first name last name, page number(s). Name of the class: The Chapin School, Class Term and Year.
    • Ex.: Sawada, Kyoichi. "Vietnam, 1967." 1967. In Class 10 History Course Pack, by Lauren Tartaglia, 8-10. Class 10 History: The Chapin School, Spring 2021.

 

NoodleTools Steps for a Course Pack:

  • Select "Anthology/Collection"
  • List the original author, title, and publication year in the "Story, Essay, Poem, Longer Work" section
  • Put in the page number(s) of the excerpt for the course pack (not any original page numbers)
  • List the teacher as "Author" and the title of the course pack as the "Title of anthology"
  • Publisher is The Chapin School, Year is the Class term and year, and Publication city is the name of the course